Charity isn’t enough

The current Presidential administration in the USA wants to cut federal funding for a range of programs, including Special Olympics. Betsy DeVos, the President’s Secretary of Education, says it’s because these programs “enjoy robust support from private donations.”

Charity has never been enough to address homelessness, illiteracy, maternal health problems, gaps in education, the needs by those affected by domestic violence, the needs of people with disabilities, and on and on. Charity isn’t enough to promote the arts (arts involvement isn’t just nice – it’s essential to a whole range of quality of life issues), maintain public lands, and on and on. Charity is essential – but, alone, it will NEVER be enough, for Special Olympics or any other ESSENTIAL program. There MUST be government funding – tax dollars – for human service, environment, education and arts programs to be more than little feel-good PR moments benefitting just a small group of people.

My mother announced when I was 14 that I would be volunteering to escort the Henderson County team to the state Special Olympics in Bowling Green, Kentucky – a cousin was involved in organizing and this was how we, as a family, would support her – with me. Yes, it was a “voluntold” moment. I had never been around people with developmental disabilities and I had no idea what Special Olympics was and I had no idea who Eunice Shriver, the featured speaker, was. I won’t say I entirely understood it all at 14, but that participation changed ME for life and how I relate to people with developmental disabilities. It put me on a lifetime journey of trying to understand – all because of volunteering at one Special Olympics event. It wasn’t just a “nice” thing to be involved, not a oh, look at these poor children isn’t their spirit adorable thing – it was a TRANSFORMATION, for athlete, family member, volunteer and audience alike. This is so much more than “charity.” And government support is necessary for it to be anything more than a few small events here and there.

In fact, the Oregon Special Olympics keeps canceling events because of lack of funding. Special Olympics Oregon lost $325,000 on $4.5 million in revenue in 2016, lost more in 2017, and expects to lose money again in 2018, according to a news release. The reality is that corporations and other funders are NOT stepping up to fulfill the needs of Special Olympics.

The San Francisco Bay Area, including Silicon Valley, has rapidly become the richest region in the country. It’s a place where $100,000 Teslas are commonplace, unfiltered “raw water” goes for $37 a jug, and companies pay mega bucks for parties for employees, featuring high-profile comedians and other celebrities. Yet Sacred Heart Community Service, a San Jose nonprofit that helps low-income families with food, clothing, heating bills, and other services, actually received less in individual donations from the community in 2017 than it did the previous year. “We’re still not sure what it could be attributed to,” Jill Mitsch, the funds development manager at Sacred Heart, said in this story about corporate profits and philanthropy in Silicon Valley. It’s not the only nonprofit trying to keep donations up—the United Way of Silicon Valley folded in 2016 amidst stagnant contributions. Here’s more in this story. Record homelessness, record numbers of people needing health care, more and more polarization in society, more and more social isolation, less and less feelings of community – and, yet, Silicon Valley is holding on tightly to its wealth and not investing in the nonprofits that cannot keep up with demand.

Charity isn’t enough. In fact, volunteering, by itself, isn’t enough to save the world. But that’s another blog…

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What managing & growing a Twitter account looks like for small nonprofits

There is a lot of advice out there for nonprofits regarding how to use social media, but it is often written using corporate perspectives: success is only in terms of huge numbers of followers and messages that go “viral.” That type of pure quantitative measurement is meaningless and unrealistic for most small nonprofits, community groups, schools, small government programs, etc. There are far better, more realistic measurements of social media success for these small organizations – and this blog entry that you are reading now is an attempt to provide an example of that.

In addition to writing about volunteerism and community engagement, I am also a volunteer in my local community. I volunteer for all the usual altruistic reasons, but also to keep my skills sharp as a paid consultant regarding marketing, public relations and community engagement for mission-based organizations. One of my current volunteering activities is being a part of the League of Women Voters – specifically, the Washington County, Oregon unit. The League of Women Voters started as an organization engaged in activities to educate women as voters – it was formed just before women got the vote in the USA and to encourage them to vote. Now, it is open to all people and has a similar mission, now universal: to educate people regarding issues their legislators are voting on, to educate them on issues they will vote on in upcoming elections, and to encourage them to vote. The League takes stands on issues, but not candidates. Here in the USA, it’s often a local chapter of the league that hosts forums and debates for candidates running for office, and these chapters are all-volunteer staffed and managed.

One of the activities I’m doing with my local League of Women voters is overseeing the Twitter account, @LWVWashcoOR. I’m not looking to have massive numbers of followers. Rather, I’m thinking about engagement. So my goals regarding followers for the league account are that:

Every elected official representing Washington County, Oregon that has a Twitter account follows the local League. There’s no master list for this: there are more than 10 Census-related cities in this county, each with some form of local city council members. Plus there’s a county government, a Portland Metro government with a representative for our county on it, state legislators and federal legislators (the easiest to find). That’s almost 100 people try to find on Twitter – and I’m still trying to figure out who is and isn’t on Twitter. I follow all that I find, retweet their relevant information, and often ask them, point blank, to please follow our League’s Twitter account.

Key Washington County government offices on Twitter follow us. This is not easy, because many don’t understand what the League is – they think it’s a political organization in the sense of promoting agendas, rather than a non-partisan organization that’s promoting civic engagement – civic engagement that their programs need more of!

Every local political group (or state version of such) follows us. This is a double challenge because, per the non-partisan political nature of the League, I can’t follow them back: instead, I put them on one of our Twitter lists, so I can read their tweets. For that same reason, I refrain from retweeting many of their messages because of their partisan nature. It’s hard to get someone to follow you when you don’t follow them back.

Most nonprofits working in Washington County follow the League. Many of these nonprofits work with the most marginalized in our county, as well as young people, all of whom need the most assistance in understanding the political process and how to engage civically. As with elected officials here, I follow all that I find, retweet their information I think relates to the mission of the League, and often ask them, point blank, to please follow us.

Any individual that cares about voter education, voter registration, civic engagement and civic education follows us on Twitter. There are individuals in this county that, independently, tweet regularly about these issues. I put them on a list of politically-engaged local folks so I can check in with them regularly and I retweet their messages if they relate to the mission of the League. How do I find them? I look for people tweeting about town halls by our US Senators and US Congressional representative, for instance.

I find more followers to target and subjects to tweet by using various keyword searches, like the names of city and county officials, or the words Oregon and voting. I tweet original content every time I log in – could be a reminder regarding Oregon state legislation that’s coming up for a vote, could be a reminder about our own unit activities, could be a poem for #WorldPoetryDay.

How do I get followers for the League’s account. Various ways:

  • From tweeting information that relates to our mission and that our desired followers will find relevant
  • From looking for and using keywords so that people looking for those keywords can find us. That includes #Oregon#voting#voters#legislation#elections#electionday, etc. I also look for what’s trending and seeing if there is a way to use such in a tweet of our own in that moment. And I create content specifically to tag with certain phrases, like #blackhistorymonth, #internationalwomensday, #humanrights, #fairmaps, #gerrymandering, #veterans, etc.
  • From following someone that I want to follow the League
  • From retweeting someone that I want to follow the League, even just once (but it usually takes more than that)
  • By thanking someone for a retweet of our information
  • By responding to someone’s tweet with a question or comment
  • By asking someone to follow

I tweet a thank for every account that follows @LWVWashcoOR or that retweets one of our messages, so that their account can be shared with all of our followers, which I hope, in turn, gets them more followers.

I log in at least three times a week to do all of the above – it takes about 30 minutes each time. I try to mix up the times – sometimes in the morning, sometimes in the afternoon and sometimes in the evening, to reach different followers. I also schedule tweets via Hootsuite, so that something goes out most every day, but the reality is that I must spend actual time on Twitter, engaging with others, in order to get more followers and keep the ones we have.

My desired results of all this? I hope these officials, agencies and nonprofits will become more open to coming to League events and promoting our resources. I hope they will see the League as a resource. I hope more people in general will attend our events and see us an election and legislative resource. I hope more people will pay and join the League of Women Voters Oregon Washington County Unit. I hope we will see more diversity among people who attend our local events and who join the League.

How many Twitter followers will achieve those results? I’ve no idea. But I do know that these results won’t come from massive numbers of followers outside of Washington County, or a post going viral. I believe these results will come from having local followers and local engagement. When I started, there were less than 10 followers for the @LWVWashcoOR account. Now, less than six months later, there are 100 – not a huge number, but when I look at who those followers are, I know that we’re on the road to achieving some of those goals.

My only complaint: local league members rarely retweet our unit’s tweets. Without their participation in helping to further amplify messages, it’s going to be difficult to reach all that we want to.

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Volunteer (mis)management at schools

Here in the USA, ’tis the season for volunteers at school book fairs to raise money for various projects at the school that aren’t funded anymore because of ongoing tax cuts!

And it’s a time of year when I get terrific insights into volunteer (mis)management.

My friends know that I research, train and write about volunteer engagement. Their texts and emails to me are a fountain of insight. Here’s a recent series of texts from a friend back in Kentucky, which I’ve slightly edited to protect the identity of the school, and the link at the end of her text is mine:

I signed up to volunteer at the Used Book Sale at school. I signed up to sort books. I got ready, drove to the school, and signed in… only to be told “oh, we don’t need any volunteers today. We will need some Wednesday though.” They asked for volunteers for Monday and Tuesday and I signed up on their sign up list for Monday. They had my email address and phone number, yet nobody bothered to call or email me and let me know I wasn’t needed. They let me drive all that way and then sent me home. This is not an uncommon thing with this school. The night I worked the basketball tournament, I had signed up to work the gate but when I arrived there was already someone working the gate so they told me that “maybe they could use me somewhere else.” I asked and they put me in the concession stand. They had other volunteers for the concession stand too who ended up going home because I was working it – that means I took someone else’s place. And remember: parents have to volunteer so our kids can go to that pizza party. Because of my disability, a “good” day is really valuable to me – I don’t appreciate them wasting my good day like that – there are other things I could have been doing.

Maybe this doesn’t really sound like a big deal. But it is. Schools need volunteers. This isn’t about the pizza party – it’s about a school desperate to staff events highly valued by their students – and these type of students have a very positive effect on student academic performance and discipline issues. This volunteer is frustrated. Once she fulfills her obligations in terms of hours, she’s not going to volunteer even an hour more.

Feeling smug, Oregonians? Well, here’s an email I myself got recently:

Our SPRING Scholastic Book Fair is coming up on March 20 and 21 in the East Cafeteria during Parent Teacher Conferences! Book sales will start on Wednesday from 2 – 8 pm and continue on Thursday from 8 am – 8 pm.

We are asking for VOLUNTEERS to help with set up on Wednesday, book sales on Wednesday and Thursday (1-hour shifts) and packing up after the fair on Thursday. Please check the link below for times that we still need volunteers and sign up for one or more shifts! We say it every time, but we really CANNOT do this without you!

Thanks so much for your help!!!

What school? I don’t know. In what city? I don’t know. The email came from a gmail account. Are there rules for book fair volunteers, like policies for interacting with kids? No idea. Are volunteers going to handle money? No idea. In fact, I had no idea why I got the email – I’m not a parent. After some back and forth with the sender, I discovered that this is a nearby school to where I live here in Oregon. I signed up months ago on the school district web site to help with activities in the school system. I was interested in helping at one-time events or even talking to students who might be interested in a career path similar to my own (a squiggly, meandering career path that starts in the arts, goes through journalism, goes back to the arts, goes into communications for nonprofits, and just keeps getting more abstract…). I never got a response from the school district. Did I pass the criminal background check? Is there a web site I’m supposed to review to learn about the rules for being a volunteer? Are there things I shouldn’t say around children? What if they ask me for my email address? Would there be a new volunteer orientation? Since I never got a response or any answers to those questions, I had completely forgotten about signing up to help to volunteer months before – as, indeed, I do with more than half of the places I sign up to volunteer because they never reply to my application or sign up on VolunteerMatch.

The schools in my district are installing all sorts of machines at entrances to screen visitors and keep kids safe. They might want to look into their volunteering policies and procedures as well.



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Trump is trying to eliminate national service – again

For the third consecutive year, Donald Trump’s annual budget proposal calls for the elimination of the Corporation for National and Community Service (CNCS). This is the federal agency that oversees national service and volunteering efforts, including AmeriCorps, VISTA, Conservation Corps (the modern-day CCC) and Senior Corps. This is a part of Trump’s ongoing war on volunteerism.

The annual budget of CNCS is $1.08 billion, less than 0.03 percent of the overall federal budget. For the past two years, the USA Congress has rejected Trump’s elimination proposals, instead giving AmeriCorps and Senior Corps a $19 million increase in funding for the current fiscal year.

AmeriCorps members are well known for their essential response and recovery efforts following natural disasters in the USA. For instance, For a year and a half after the 2011 tornado in Joplin, Missouri, AmeriCorps members created a missing persons call center, transported volunteers into the field to help with debris removal, moved people from temporary to permanent housing, delivered donated items to families, assisted with minor repair jobs, and coordinated volunteer efforts by various individuals and groups, both local folks and people coming in from other parts of the USA. You can read more in this story by the Joplin Globe. I warned via this blog in 2017 about this possibly happening.

I’ve written about this before, in 2017. And then I wrote about the attempt for this to happen in 2018. And as I said then: I have seen, first hand, the impact that these national service members have had on nonprofit and public institutions, and those they serve, across this nation. These programs are a part of what make my country great – great right now. Members of these services provide CRITICAL services that benefit millions of people in our country. Members go on to an intense awareness about community issues that make them better citizens, more educated votes, and more productive members of society. The first President George Bush (Republican), President Bill Clinton (Democrat), the second President George Bush (Republican), and President Barack Obama (Democrat) all supported these national service programs. If these national service programs are eliminated, millions will suffer, and yet another great thing about these United States will go away.

If you are a US citizen, I strongly encourage you to:

  1. Call your Congressional Representative and two US Senators and share your opinion about national service funding. Calling or sending a postal letter is most effective; emails are too easily ignored.
  2. Look online, particularly via social media, for efforts to publicly support national service.
  3. Contact your local newspapers with a letter to the editor in support of CNCS programs.
  4. Help local nonprofits post information on their web site and via social media about the difference national service members have made in supporting community goals and improving the quality of life in your community.

And to think that, earlier this year, there was a call to expand national service by the National Commission on Military, National, and Public Service, a federal panel.

It’s not enough for you to read this blog and be outraged: you must take action or this is going to happen.

Update May 9, 2019: The US House Appropriations Committee rejected Donald Trump’s proposal to eliminate the Corporation for National and Community Service. The committee also introduced an FY20 spending bill to fund CNCS at $1.14 billion, an increase of $55 million above the FY2019 enacted level. You can find more details about how much funding the House Appropriations Committee has proposed for each CNCS program in this legislative update.

What is your social media manager doing?

This happens a lot. Too much, in fact:

I find a Twitter account for a subject in which I am very interested. I look at who the account follows, so I can see other, related accounts on the subject. Instead, I see a long list of celebrities that whomever the social media manager follows: movie stars, athletes, bands, reality show celebrities, etc. Sometimes, I even see the account follows adult entertainment stars and highly-controversial political figures. And I wonder: how much time does this social media manager spend on Twitter doing what personally interests them rather than activities that benefit the organization?

It’s not just what you post on social media that sends a message about your organization: it’s also who you follow, what you “like”, what you retweet, etc.

The accounts that your Twitter account follows should be related to your organization’s mission or subjects your organization needs updates about, such as nonprofit financial management, corporate social responsibility, volunteer management, etc.

This isn’t to say your organization can’t follow a celebrity via its social media accounts. If a celebrity is vocal in supporting the issue that is central to your nonprofit’s mission and posts about such frequently, by all means, like that celebrity’s posts that relate to that – in fact, leverage them: reply to and retweet their messages with your own organization’s congratulations or point of view.

This isn’t to say your organization shouldn’t follow a politician: you absolutely should follow your area’s elected officials, even if you don’t agree with them, because what they do can affect your organization and clients. And again, reply to their posts, even if you disagree with them, if your message relates to what your organization tries to do as a part of its mission.

If a social media manager reports to you, you need to be supervising them! You do that by:

  • Following your organization’s account on Twitter via your own, personal Twitter account – an account you never, ever have to use to post anything at all – and reading that account regularly, certainly every week
  • Following your organization’s account on Facebook and reading the posts regularly
  • Asking how many people are coming to events or activities as a result of social media posts (and if they say they don’t know, tell them they need to start finding out)
  • Asking how many people engage with the organization’s social media (comment, ask questions, etc.), not just how many people “like” a social media post
  • Asking what the manager is doing to attract new followers on social media
  • Asking for an overview of who is following the organization on social media. People interested in attending events or obtaining services? Elected officials? Other area organizations?
  • Asking the social media manager to break down by percentage the categories posts might fall into: posts that are about marketing activities, posts that are about attracting donors, posts that are about promoting the organization’s accomplishments, posts meant to educate regarding the organization’s cause, etc. If 50% of posts are asking for money, should this be reduced, and the number of posts about accomplishments be increased?
  • Asking the manager how he or she engages with other accounts on their feeds: what posts are they “liking” or commenting on, and have those interactions lead to anything – new followers, questions, criticisms, etc.

On a related note: please put the FULL name of your organization in your Twitter description, not your mission statement! I don’t want the only way to find you on Twitter to be to look on your web site – most people just give up rather than trying to hunt you down.

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Provocative campaigns against voluntourism

The pushback against voluntourism – where Westerners pay large amounts of money to go to another country for a few days or weeks and engage in an activity they believe is helping people in some way with just a few hours of volunteering – seems to be getting more intense, judging from what I’m seeing online. I’m now not the only one posting about the dark side of voluntourism on sites like Quora and Reddit – which is so different from 10 years ago, when I felt like the lone voice on sites like YahooAnswers, and on my own web site, begging people not to support voluntourism.

In fact, the pushback against voluntourism is spilling over into all humanitarian action, with many local NGOs in high-poverty countries asking large international NGOs why they aren’t being paid to teach their own children, build their own schools and water wells, etc., instead of bringing in foreigners to do so and why there are so many Westerners – most of them white – starting their own NGOs in developing countries. Here’s one of a few memes I’ve seen reflecting this: 

To be fair, many international agencies have greatly evolved and already focus on hiring local people for their humanitarian interventions. Many international agencies running refugee camps are, whenever possible, hiring refugees themselves, in the camps, for the work that needs to be done.

Still, the campaigns getting the most traction are the ones against voluntourism, and one of my favorite messaging on this subject is this video, Who Wants to Be a Volunteer from Radi-Aid, an annual campaign created by the Norwegian Students’ & Academics’ International Assistance Fund (SAIH).

There’s also the even more provocative No White Saviors campaign, which I found out about via an online group for professional humanitarian workers – highly-skilled people who go to a developing country for several months, even years, to build the skills of local people so that they can take over the work themselves. The campaign is using social media to share highly provocative images and messages, which you can view and read here:

It’s similar to the satirical White Savior Barbie campaign.

Here is one of their tamer memes:

And here is one of the campaign’s much more provocative memes:

I shared these No White Saviors campaign memes on the volunteer subreddit, an online group on Reddit for the discussion of volunteering, and, as you can see if you look yourself, some folks were outraged, calling the campaign racist. I disagree, and think this campaign is important in pushing forth some very important questions that need discussing – the campaigns have certainly made me reflect on not only my international humanitarian work, but my own local volunteering activities and attitudes right here in rural Oregon.

Your thoughts? Let’s hear them in the comments below.

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know before you go: volunteering by foreigners is illegal in some countries

I’m one of the moderators of the forum on Reddit – called a subreddit – on volunteering. Most of the questions on that forum are by people looking to volunteer and, often, they are looking to volunteer for a few weeks in another country. This is voluntourism, and anyone who reads this blog regularly knows I’m not fond of the practice: it is vanity volunteering, focused on giving a foreigner a feel-good experience rather than actually helping someone and, in fact, such “volunteering” can actually harm children, wildlife – even the volunteers themselves.

In some countries, volunteering by foreigners is, in fact, illegal. Despite its illegality, some NGOs – which are really for-profit companies – try to recruit foreigners to pay thousands of dollars to come “help” in their communities.

For instance, in most cases, volunteering by foreigners in Indonesia is illegal. The Indonesian immigration police in the country make regular visits to certain communities to check the legal status of people who say they are volunteers and foreigners who say they are being paid to work. You can read a news report from July 2016 about one of the raids on foreign volunteers here.

Bukit Lawang in North Sumatra, Indonesia is a popular tourist destination located on the edge of the Gunung Leuser National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site home to numerous bird, plant and mammal species, most famously the Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii). Nearby tourist businesses operate jungle treks, transport, tours, and other activities in the area – and field a LOT of questions about wildlife volunteering.

bukitlawang.com has a page about the laws regarding volunteering by foreigners in Indonesia, one that I wish more countries and popular tourism sites had. The Bukit Lawang page says that the main type of foreign visas for the country are the following (the bullets are cut and pasted from the site):

    • visa-free entry permit (received on arrival, free, at the airport) – voluntary work is always illegal

    • visa-on-arrival (paid on arrival at the airport at the cost of $35) – voluntary work is always illegal

    • tourist visa (paid abroad at the cost of around $50) – voluntary work is always illegal

    • social visa (paid abroad at the cost of around $50) – voluntary work is usually illegal. For the voluntary work to be legal, the social visa must have been sponsored (with an accompanying letter) by a registered Indonesian yayasan (charity/foundation) and during the application, the sponsorship letter must state that the foreigner is performing volunteer work for the foundation. A sponsorship letter that merely says something along the lines of ‘I am an Indonesian citizen and I am sponsoring Mr. X to visit Indonesia’ would NOT be valid for volunteer work in Indonesia, it ONLY entitles you to stay in Indonesia for a holiday/family visit, and no kind of work is permitted. A sponsorship letter from an individual, one that is not stamped by a charity/foundation is almost certainly NOT valid for work in Indonesia.

  • KITAS – sponsored by a charity or employer. This costs around $1200 per year (including work permit and visa) and is valid for paid and/or unpaid work of the specified nature at the specified employer.

The page also offers the following throughs about voluntourism. Remember – these are coming from an Indonesia-based organization:

Voluntourism is big business around the globe. In Indonesia specific considerations are:

    • low cost of labour – the minimum wage is around $5/day, and many earn even less. If you emphasise the ‘tourism’ aspect of voluntourism, then it may make sense to spend thousands on your trip, but the ‘volunteer’ element may be lacking.

    • your skills – if you are a young person with no work or life experience unfortunately you may have little to offer except your time. Effective volunteers will have specific skills that are relevant and scarce in a rural developing area.

    • culture differences – Indonesian culture is very different from your own. Communities are interconnected and foreigners are ‘other’. You will also face a language barrier – while those working in tourism will speak English, these are certainly not the people in need of help – those in need are generally far from the tourist areas.

    • transparency – Indonesia does not have a big charity culture; rather, charity is said to begin at home, and the concept of working for free is largely alien. You should therefore check exactly how the goals of the charity or project organiser himself are aligned with those of the charity. Do not be afraid to ask questions. Indonesian staff need money, but they must explain to volunteers exactly how they benefit financially from their charity.

    • safeguarding – Indonesia and other developing countries are open and have few safeguarding policies in place. This means that children can be at risk. If your project is working with children be sure to check about their safeguarding policies

    • effectiveness – be sure that your project is effective in achieving its and your goals. Ask specific questions and look at how results are measured.

  • immigration concerns – your volunteer work is likely to be illegal – see above.

It’s refreshing to see a local institution speak out so strongly against voluntourism and be so explicit about what the law is.

All that said, I should note that it is certainly possible for foreigners to visit Gunung Leuser National Park and see the Sumatran orangutan, something I hope to do myself someday. I learned about it by reading Lone Rider by Elspeth Beard. She’s one of the first women to ride a motorcycle all around the world, doing so back in 1982 – 1984. She wrote about an NGO working in this area, helping to address the huge problem of Indonesians abducting baby orangutans and then wanting to get rid of them when they grow older and are so much harder to care for. Her account of this visit is a good example of transire benefaciendo: “to travel along while doing good” – she didn’t attempt to work at the NGO as a volunteer (which would have been illegal), but she did elevate its work through her book.

I did something similar in Hungary: while camping in Hortobágyi Neuzeti Park, a sea of grasslands, the camp host told us that there was a bird rescue clinic right next door. The next morning, I went there. It turned out the clinic allowed visitors, so we toured, taking photos of their rehabilitation rooms and spaces and getting information, which I translated once we were home so that I could write about the Hortobágy Bird Clinic on my blog. Here is the web site of the clinic as well.

In addition to researching the laws regarding foreign volunteers in a country where you want to go, you should also look at your own country’s laws regarding going elsewhere to volunteer. For instance, Tauqir Sharif, 31, from Walthamstow, England, founded the organization Live Updates from Syria in 2012, providing support and assistance for families in Syria and raising awareness about the devastating situation on the ground. He has been living and working in Idlib, Syria alongside his British wife, Racquell Hayden-Best. He had his UK citizenship revoked in May 2017.
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Susan Ellis Matters

In the winter of 1996, I started a new job, directing The Virtual Volunteering Project. I was based in Austin, Texas, and I flew to Washington, DC to meet one of the advisors of the project, Susan J. Ellis.

She terrified me.

She seemed to know absolutely everything there is to know about volunteerism. She had thought about virtual volunteering far, far more than I ever had. She was absolutely sure of the impact online volunteers could have on the world and had already envisioned specific examples of possibilities. She wasn’t surprised at all by anything I told her regarding what I knew about working with online volunteers or what I knew about organizations engaged in virtual volunteering. She was five steps ahead of me no matter what I was saying or thinking. It was one of the most intimidating meetings I’ve ever had.

I have remained in awe of Susan’s expertise and ways of thinking and strategizing every day since that meeting, but I also am so happy that, since then, Susan became a frequent collaborator and good friend. Back in those early days, we would do workshops together at various volunteer management and volunteerism conferences and ask the room, “How many of you have an email address?” Maybe a quarter of the room would raise their hands. I wanted to be tentative and gentle about introducing virtual volunteering – she didn’t, and would challenge the room with statements about how they had better get ahead of this because, if they didn’t, tech-savvy volunteers would create their own efforts and leave them behind. Over the four years I directed the Virtual Volunteering Project, I became far bolder in my statements and advice as well, and it was because of her. She never officially consulted on the United Nation’s Online Volunteering Service when I directed the project at UNV, but so much of what I did in managing that service was because of what she taught me, and any success regarding that service is, in part, because of her. 

Her book From the Top Down: The Executive Role in Successful Volunteer Involvement changed everything I had been thinking about volunteerism, and I still refer to it regularly when trying to create a presentation or a research paper or write a blog post. When she told me she had suggested the authors writing the book What We Learned (the Hard Way) about Supervising Volunteers to contact me for a contribution, I was floored – what did I know?!? She had so much more faith in me than I ever did in myself. I read her oh-so-provocative Hot Topics, her monthly blog series, and was inspired for months to come with new questions and comments for colleagues – and always checked it whenever I had what I thought was a new idea because, very often, Susan had the same questions or comments months or even years before me.  

The first time I visited the Energize, Inc. office in Philadelphia in 1998, we were both active participants on CyberVPM, a then very popular and pioneering online group to discuss volunteer management. Sitting in her office, we decided to author a joint post and propose a discussion that the President Bill Clinton intern/sex scandal was, in fact, a volunteer management issue, since the intern was unpaid and, therefore, a volunteer. Many on the group balked at the idea of discussing “politics”, but Susan didn’t back down: she asked point blank how these organizations would handle the same situation in their own organizations, what policies they had in place to address it, etc. 

Susan was disruptive long before it became fashionable to be such.  

Let’s be clear: there is no person on Earth who has done as much to promote volunteerism and the best practices for engaging and support volunteers than Susan J. Ellis. Her contributions cannot be overstated. That any academic paper regarding any aspect of volunteerim can be written without quoting Susan at some point is beyond me. I have not done a presentation on volunteer engagement in the last 22 years that I did not reference Susan Ellis. 

Susan wasn’t just a pioneer regarding the identification and promotion of volunteer management best practices and innovations, she wasn’t just a guru regarding all things volunteerism: Susan J. Ellis was a pioneer geek fan girl. Her company, Energize, Inc., was named for the term “energize” in Star Trek, and she had fantastic stories about being a Trekker in the earliest days of the show. She also was a huge fan of David McCallum and The Man From U.N.C.L.E. and a few years ago, over a huge sandwich at a Schlesinger’s, a legendary traditional Jewish deli in Philadelphia, she told me a wonderful story of waiting outside a stage door as a starry-eyed young fan girl so she could show McCallum, who was appearing in a stage production, the scrapbook she’d put together for years watching his show. She did, indeed, meet him and show him her work, and he had seemed quite impressed. Many years later, she decided to wait outside another stage door for him in a different show, just to get another autograph, and he said upon seeing her, “You’re the girl with the scrapbook.” She beamed at that story, as any fangirl does, to be remembered by someone whose career you have followed and promoted with such passion.

Susan also wrote a Master’s thesis on the history of scrapple, a traditional and not-at-all kosher food of Pennsylvania, and I not only read it when I last stayed at her house, I also delighted in playing for her the scrapple song by one of my favorite performers, Robbie Fulks. I had intended to get him to autograph something for her in March when i see him perform, to honor her scrapple research. 

In 2005, Susan and I were at yet another volunteerism conference together – I had been living in Germany for four years. And we sat at a table and had a conversation in German. She was so delighted to hear me stumble through the language of her parents and to be able to have a bit of back and forth in it. It’s one of MANY moments I cherish with her. 

The blanket on my couch is the one Susan gave me as a wedding present. One of my favorite outfits is one I bought when I met up with her in London to tell her I had started a completely revising our book on virtual volunteering. And, of course, so many of the books she wrote and published are on my bookshelves. 

You have probably noticed by now that I’m talking about Susan in the past tense. Susan passed away yesterday morning, Sunday, February 25. I wanted to wait a day before posting my tribute online because I wanted to make sure that those who were closest to her would know this news by now and wouldn’t learn it by reading this blog or any social media posts I made.

Seven years ago, Susan was diagnosed with cancer. She made a remarkable recovery from that initial diagnosis and the toll the initial treatment took on her, but never quite a full one: the cancer kept showing up in other places and the treatments greatly affected her health in a myriad of ways. She handled her health challenges with remarkable grace and humor, even coming back from the brink in late 2017 – her friends, of course, dubbed her Susan Ellis: hard to kill. But ultimately, the fight became too much. I’m so glad that her final days were peaceful and surrounded by friends. 

Please check the Energize, Inc. web site for details about Susan’s funeral and burial, which will be happening quite quickly, as well as the memorial in Philadelphia next weekend. Any other plans for remembering Susan will be posted there as well. 

I made a Flickr group of photos of and “to” Susan you can see here.

SO many of us are having trouble thinking about a world without Susan. I’m so grateful to have been mentored by her – and to have been able to call her my friend. 

Update: her official obituary from her company. Also, the newly formed Susan J. Ellis Foundation will, in the coming months, “provide grants or support programs that will expand volunteer administration and support education and research activities in volunteerism” and contributions are being accepted for it. 

Susan’s obituary in the Philadelphia Inquirer

Pioneering Internet Initiatives Deserve To Be Remembered

So much of what the press and bloggers herald now as pioneering or disruptive on the Internet isn’t at all. In 1995, I was talking online with friends, old and new, in all the ways I do now, with the exception of live video: we were writing messages in real-time and messages posted somewhere to read later. We were making and sharing audios and videos. We were creating communities. We were using online tools to train, to learn, to change minds, to promote ideas and to research. The names of the tools have changed, and they have all definitely gotten more sophisticated, but rarely do I read an article about something new online and find that, in fact, it really is something new, innovative, or disruptive. Many tech pioneers and early tech history have been forgotten, and web sites that detailed these efforts are gone, sometimes not even available on the Wayback Machine (archive.org). In addition, attempts to preserve some of this important, rich early Internet history on Wikipedia often get wiped out by veteran Wikipedeans who don’t think the entries are worth remembering – especially if the entries involve women primarily. There are certain tech-related initiatives from the 1980s, 1990s and early 2000s that I think are worth not only remembering but worth reviewing and mining for lessons we can use right now – and worth celebrating. I also think the people involved in these early initiatives are worth looking up by researchers and the press alike, to find out what they think about where our networked world has been and where it might be going. Below is a list of pages on my web site that are a part of my attempts to preserve some of this important history and to make it more findable on various search engines. Note how most are focused on nonprofit and government initiatives, rather than for-profit companies – just like those that created the Internet:
  • Early History of Nonprofits & the Internet The Internet has always been about people and organizations networking with each other, sharing ideas and comments, and collaborating online. It has always been interactive and dynamic. And there were many nonprofit organizations who “got” it early — earlier than many for-profit companies. So I’ve attempted to set the record straight: I’ve prepared a web page that talks about the early history of nonprofits and the Internet. It focuses on 1995 and previous years. It talks a little about what nonprofits were using the cyberspace for as well at that time and lists the names of key people and organizations who helped get nonprofit organizations using the Internet in substantial numbers in 1995 and before. Edits and additions are welcomed.
  • What Was NetAid? First there was Band Aid, then Live Aid, and Farm Aid, and then came NetAid, an initiative that was also launched with celebrity-laden concerts and a great deal of media coverage. The NetAid initiative was meant to harness the Internet to raise money and awareness for the Jubilee 2000 campaign, to raise awareness for the challenges in developing countries, and to allow people to volunteer online, donating their skills to help people in the developing world. NetAid’s goal was to make global philanthropy more efficient. This page reviews who was involved, how the initiative evolved, and its legacy regarding virtual volunteering.
  • Impact Online: A History Impact Online was a nonprofit organization founded in the mid 1990s. It was one of the first web sites, and maybe the first web site, where nonprofits could post their volunteering opportunities and people that wanted to help could sign up to help. It later became VolunteerMatch. Unfortunately, someone requested that old versions of the Impact Online web site be removed from the Internet Wayback Machine, and so all archives of the original web site are gone. Luckily, I downloaded some of text and graphics from that original, pioneering web site. I’m sharing them here because the original Impact Online initiative deserves to be remembered and honored.
  • Al Gore Campaign Pioneered Virtual Volunteering Back in 2000, when Al Gore ran for president, his campaign championed virtual volunteering by recruiting online volunteers to help online with his election efforts. I’ve tried to present some of what his campaign did – this pioneering effort deserves to be remembered, as do some of the lessons from such.
  • A history of the Smart Valley initiative In 1994, perhaps earlier, an initiative called Smart Valley was launched in California. Smart Valley was a 501(c)(6) nonprofit organization focused on creating an “information infrastructure” in Silicon Valley, California – Palo Alto, Mountain View, Sunnyvale, Cupertino, San José, Santa Clara and the surrounding area, creating projects to enhance the quality of life in Silicon Valley. Smart Valley’s projected included SmartSchools NetDay and PC Day, Smart Voter, to help people learn about upcoming elections, Connect 96: The Global Summit on Building Electronic Communities, the Public Access Network (PAN), a Telecommuting Initiative, and the Smart Valley Webmasters Group. Smart Valley was also affiliated with the nonprofit organization Plugged In, one of the first digital divide efforts, working to bring “the tremendous technological resources available in the Silicon Valley to youth in low-income communities” in East Palo Alto and SV-PAL, the Silicon Valley Public Access Link.
  • San Francisco Women of the Web (SFWOW): A History In the 1990s, various associations sprung up all over the USA to support women using the Internet as a primary part of their work – or who wanted to. These associations created safe, supportive, content-rich, fun spaces, both online and in real spaces, for women to talk about their tech and online-related work, to ask questions, and to learn from each other. One of the best well-known at the time, San Francisco Women of the Web, chose 25 women in 1998, in 1999, in 2000 and in 2001, recognizing them with their Women of the Web award. To help highlight some of the many women who played important roles in the 1990s Internet – which I consider the “early days” – as well as some truly pioneering tech projects that laid the groundwork for the success of so many initiatives today, I have reproduced this list of Top25 Women on the Web on my own site.
  • United Nations Technology Service (UNITeS), a global volunteer initiative, created by Kofi Annan in 2000, that both supported volunteers applying information and communications technologies for development (ICT4D) and promoted volunteerism as a fundamental element of successful ICT4D initiatives. It was administered by the UN Volunteers program, and during the tenure of UNITeS, the UNV program helped place and/or support more than 300 volunteers applying ICT4D in more than 50 developing countries, including 28 Least Developed Countries (LDC), making it one of the largest volunteering in ICT4D initiatives. The activities of UN Volunteers, as well as those by tech volunteers working through NetCorps, CompuMentor, the Association for Progressive Communications, Australian Volunteers International, NetCorps, Voluntary Service Overseas (VSO) and Volunteers in Technical Assistance (VITA), were tracked and promoted by UNITeS as part of its overall mission. Part of the UNITeS mandate was to try to track all of the various tech volunteering initiatives and encourage them to share their best practices and challenges with each other. UNITeS was discontinued as an active program in 2005.
  • United Nations Tech4Good / ICT4D Initiatives, a list of the various United Nations initiatives that have been launched since 2000 to promote the use of computers, feature phones, smart phones and various networked devices in development and humanitarian activities, to promote digital literacy and equitable access to the “information society,” and to bridge the digital divide. My goal in creating this page is to help researchers, as well as to remind current UN initiatives that much work regarding ICT4D has been done by various UN employees, consultants and volunteers for more than 15 years (and perhaps longer?).
If you are a Wikipedia volunteer, I encourage you to try to create and maintain entries for the initiatives named on these pages, especially if you are male or perceived as male online – male contributors, or those perceived as such, have a MUCH easier time of it on Wikipedia than females. Also see: Wikipedia needs improvement re: volunteerism-related topics Why Do So Few Women Edit Wikipedia? Insights into virtual volunteering Crowdsourcing / Hive Mind – it’s been happening since at least 1849! History & Evaluation of UNV’s Early Years volunteers scramble to preserve online data before government deletes it
If you have benefited from this blog or other parts of my web site and would like to support the time that went into developing material, researching information, preparing articles, updating pages, etc., here is how you can help.

school parent volunteer engagement ethics

graphic by Jayne Cravens representing volunteersI got this message from a friend. And then I had another situation I had wanted to offer up on a blog as well. So… what do you think about the ethics of required parental volunteering in schools?

I’m preparing to go to [[name of private school redacted]] to work a basketball game. I don’t want to go at all but I have to put in so many volunteer hours every school year for my daughter to be able to go see a movie with her class at the end of the year. And nobody wants to be that deadbeat parent whose child has to stay behind because they didn’t volunteer enough. She’s not even playing basketball! They’ve got quite a racket going here: work me for 20 hours for a $20 movie trip.

Apparently, a parent can’t simply pay the movie ticket admission and, say, a bit for gas: they must volunteer or the child isn’t allowed to go on the trip.

A neighbor also told me that her son is on the swim team for the public high school where he attends but she can’t afford all of the fees for him to participate, so the school gave her the option of volunteering 30 hours a semester so her son could participate.

But, on the other hand, students at schools with high volunteer involvement flourish – good grades, fewer discipline problems, etc.; schools without much parental involvement struggle – students with poor grades, more discipline problems, etc., so there is a big incentive by this and other schools to get parents into the school for student events or into the classroom. And this kind of required time better guarantees that happening.

What are your thoughts about the ethics and optics of either of these cases? What about a situation where a parent absolutely cannot volunteer, because of childcare issues, caregiver issues, job issues or lack of transportation? What if a parent has a conviction that precludes him or her from ever volunteering in a school?

Also see:

Comparing schools with high & low volunteer engagement

How schools & small governments should be using social media